<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah E Belisle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davidson H Hamer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lynette S Leka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gerard E Dallal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Javier {Delgado-Lista}</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basil C Fine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul F. Jacques</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jose M Ordovas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simin Nikbin Meydani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IL-2 and IL-10 gene polymorphisms are associated with respiratory tract infection and may modulate the effect of vitamin E on lower respiratory tract infections in elderly nursing home residents</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">80 and over</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Mass Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dietary Supplements</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Frequency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heart Rate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interleukin-10</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interleukin-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nursing Homes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Placebos</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Respiratory Tract Infections</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sex Characteristics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitamin E</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">{DNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">} Female</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20484443</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">92</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">106–114</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitamin E supplementation may be a potential strategy to prevent respiratory tract infections {(RIs)} in the elderly. The efficacy of vitamin E supplementation may depend on individual factors including specific single nucleotide polymorphisms {(SNPs)} at immunoregulatory genes.

We examined whether the effect of vitamin E on {RIs} in the elderly was dependent on genetic backgrounds as indicated by {SNPs} at cytokine genes.

We used data and {DNA} from a previous vitamin E intervention study (200 {IU} vitamin E or a placebo daily for 1 y) in elderly nursing home residents to examine vitamin E-gene interactions for incidence of {RI.} We determined the genotypes of common {SNPs} at {IL-1beta,} {IL-2,} {IL-6,} {IL-10,} {TNF-alpha,} and {IFN-gamma} in 500 participants. We used negative binomial regression to analyze the association between genotype and incidence of infection.

The effect of vitamin E on lower {RI} depended on sex and the {SNP} at {IL-10} {-819G–&amp;gt;A} {(P} = 0.03 for interaction for lower {RI).} Furthermore, we observed that subjects with the least prevalent genotypes at {IL-2} {-330A–&amp;gt;C} {(P} = 0.02 for upper {RI),} {IL-10} {-819G–&amp;gt;A} {(P} = 0.08 for upper {RI),} and {IL-10} {-1082C–&amp;gt;T} {(P} &amp;lt; 0.001 for lower {RI} in men) had a lower incidence of {RI} independent of vitamin E supplementation.

Studies that evaluate the effect of vitamin E on {RIs} should consider both genetic factors and sex because our results suggest that both may have a significant bearing on the efficacy of vitamin E. Furthermore, common {SNPs} at cytokine genes may contribute to the individual risk of {RIs} in the elderly. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00758914.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">{PMID:} 20484443</style></notes></record></records></xml>