<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacob Selhub</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martha S Morris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul F. Jacques</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irwin H Rosenberg</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folate-vitamin B-12 interaction in relation to cognitive impairment, anemia, and biochemical indicators of vitamin B-12 deficiency</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cognition Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug Interactions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folic Acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homocysteine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methylmalonic Acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutrition Surveys</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutritional Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Odds Ratio</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pernicious</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prevalence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitamin B 12</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitamin B 12 Deficiency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">{5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine} {S-Methyltransferase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">{Methylmalonyl-CoA} Mutase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">} Aging</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02/2009</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19141696</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">89</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">702S–6S</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Previous reports on pernicious anemia treatment suggested that high folic acid intake adversely influences the natural history of vitamin B-12 deficiency, which affects many elderly individuals. However, experimental investigation of this hypothesis is unethical, and the few existing observational data are inconclusive. With the use of data from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey {(NHANES),} we evaluated the interaction between high serum folate and low vitamin B-12 status [ie, plasma vitamin B-12 {\textless} 148 {pmol/L} or methylmalonic acid {(MMA)} {\textgreater} 210 {nmol/L]} with respect to anemia and cognitive impairment. With subjects having both plasma folate {\textless} or = 59 {nmol/L} and normal vitamin B-12 status as the referent category, odds ratios for the prevalence of anemia compared with normal hemoglobin concentration and impaired compared with unimpaired cognitive function were 2.1 (95% {CI:} 1.1, 3.7) and 1.7 (95% {CI:} 1.01, 2.9), respectively, for those with low vitamin B-12 status but normal serum folate and 4.9 (95% {CI:} 2.3, 10.6) and 5.0 (95% {CI:} 2.7, 9.5), respectively, for those with low vitamin B-12 status and plasma folate {\textgreater}59 {nmol/L.} Among subjects with low vitamin B-12 status, mean circulating vitamin B-12 was 228 {pmol/L} for the normal-folate subgroup and 354 {pmol/L} for the high-folate subgroup. We subsequently showed increases in circulating homocysteine and {MMA} concentrations with increasing serum folate among {NHANES} participants with serum vitamin B-12 {\textless} 148 {pmol/L,} whereas the opposite trends occurred among subjects with serum vitamin B-12 {\textgreater} or = 148 {pmol/L.} These interactions, which were not seen in {NHANES} {III} before fortification, imply that, in vitamin B-12 deficiency, high folate status is associated with impaired activity of the 2 vitamin B-12-dependent enzymes, methionine synthase and {MMA-coenzyme} A mutase.</style></abstract><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">{PMID:} 19141696</style></notes></record></records></xml>